hell or heaven

 Listen now to me as I expound what those acts are that lead to hell or heaven.

1. They, O Yudhishthira, that speak an untruth on occasions other than those when such untruth is needed for serving the purpose of the preceptor or for giving the assurance of safety to a person in fear of his life, sink into hell  
2. They who ravish other people's spouses, or have sexual congress with them, or assist at such acts of delinquency, sink in hell. 
3. They who rob others of their wealth or destroy the wealth and possessions of other people, or proclaim the faults of other people, sink in hell. 
4. They who destroy the containers of such pieces of water as are used by cattle for quenching thirst, as injure such buildings as are used for purposes of public meetings, as break down bridges and causeways, and as pull down houses used for purposes of habitation, have to sink to hell. 
5. They who beguile and cheat helpless women, or girls, or aged dames, or such women as have been frightened, have to sink to hell. 
6. They who destroy the means of other people's living, 
7. they who exterminate the habitations of other people, 
8. they who rob others of their spouses, 
9. they who sow dissensions among friends, and 
10. they who destroy the hopes of other people, sink into hell. 
11. They who proclaim the faults of others, 
12. they who break down bridges or causeways, 
13. they who live by following vocations laid down for other people, and 
14. they who are ungrateful to friends for services received, have to sink in hell. 
15. They who have no faith in the Vedas and show no reverence for them, 
16. they who break the vows made by themselves or oblige others to break them, and 
17. they who fall away from their status through sin, sink in hell. 
18. They who betake themselves to improper conduct, 
19. they who take exorbitant rates of interest, and 
20. they who make unduly large profits on sales, have to sink in hell. 
21. They who are given to gambling, 
22. they who indulge in wicked acts without any scruple, and 
23. they who are given to slaughter of living creatures, have to sink in hell. 
24. They who cause the dismissal by masters of servants that are hoping for rewards or are expectant of definite need or are in the enjoyment of wages or salaries or are waiting for returns in respect of valuable services already rendered, have to sink in hell. 
25. They who themselves eat without offering portions thereof unto their spouse or their sacred fires or their servants or their guests, and 
26. they who abstain from performing the rites laid down in the scriptures for honouring the Pitris and deities, have to sink in hell. 
27. They who sell the Vedas, 
28. they who find fault with the Vedas, and 
29. they who reduce the Vedas into writing, have all to sink in hell. 
30. They who are out of the pale of the four well-known modes of life, 
31. they who betake themselves to practices interdicted by the Srutis and the scriptures, and 
32. they who live by betaking themselves to acts that are wicked or sinful or that do not belong to their order of birth, have to sink in hell. 
33. They who live by selling hair, 
34. they who subsist by selling poisons, and 
35. they who live by selling milk, have to sink in hell. 
36. They who put obstacles in the path of Brahmanas and kine and maidens, O Yudhishthira, have to sink in hell. 
37. They who sell weapons, 
38. they who forge weapons, 
39. they who make shafts, and 
40. they who make bows, have to sink in hell. 
41. they who obstruct paths and roads with stones and thorns and holes have to sink in hell. 
42. They who abandon and cast off preceptors and servants and loyal followers without any offence, O chief of Bharata's race, have to sink in hell. 
43. They who set bullocks to work before the animals attain to sufficient age, 
44. they who bore the noses of bullocks and other animals for controlling them the better while employed in work, and 
45. they who keep animals always tethered, have to sink in hell. 
46. Those kings that do not protect their subjects while forcibly taking from them a sixth share of the produce of their fields, and 
47. they who, though able and possessed of resources, abstain from making gifts, have to sink in hell. 
48. They who abandon and cast off persons that are endued with forgiveness and self-restraint and wisdom, or those with whom they have associated for many years, when these are no longer of services to them, have to sink in hell. 
49. Those men who themselves eat without giving portions of the food to children and aged men and servants, have to sink in hell.'

"'All these men enumerated above have to go to hell.

Listen now to me, O bull of Bharata's race, as I tell thee who those men are that ascend to heaven.

1. The man who transgresses against a Brahmana by impeding the performances of all such acts in which the deities are adored, becomes afflicted with the loss of all his children and animals. (They who do not transgress against Brahmanas by obstructing their religious acts ascend to heaven). 
2. Those men, O Yudhishthira, who follow the duties as laid down in the scriptures for them and practise the virtues of charity and self-restraint and truthfulness, ascend to heaven. 
3. Those men who having acquired knowledge by rendering obedient services to their preceptors and observing austere penances, become reluctant to accept gifts, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
4. Those men through whom other people are relieved and rescued from fear and sin and the impediments that lie in the way of what they wish to accomplish and poverty and the afflictions of disease, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
5. Those men who are endued with a forgiving disposition, who are possessed of patience, who are prompt in performing all righteous acts, and who are of auspicious conduct, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
6. Those men who abstain from honey and meat, who abstain from sexual congress with the spouses of other people, and who abstain from wines and spirituous liquors, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
7. Those men that help in the establishment of retreats for ascetics, who become founders of families, O Bharata, who open up new countries for purposes of habitation, and lay out towns and cities succeed in ascending to heaven. 
8. Those men who give away cloths and ornaments, as also food and drink, and who help in marrying others, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
9. Those men that have abstained from all kinds of injury or harm to all creatures, who are capable of enduring everything, and who have made themselves the refuge of all creatures, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
10. Those men who wait with humility upon their fathers and mothers, who have subjugated their senses, and who are affectionate towards their brothers, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
11. Those men that subjugate their senses notwithstanding the fact of their being rich in worldly goods and strong in might and in the enjoyment of youth, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
12. Those men that are kind towards even those that offend against them, that are mild of disposition, that have an affection for all who are of mild behaviour, and that contribute to the happiness of others by rendering them every kind of service in humility, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
13. Those men that protect thousands of people, that make gifts unto thousands of people, and that rescue thousands of people from distress, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
14. Those men who make gifts of gold and of kine, O chief of Bharata's race, as also those of conveyances and animals, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
15. Those men who make gifts of such articles as are needed in marriages, as also those of serving men and maids, and cloths and robes, succeed in ascending to heaven 
16. Those men who make public pleasure-houses and gardens and wells, resting houses and buildings for public meetings and tanks for enabling cattle and men to quench their thirst, and fields for cultivation, O Bharata, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
17. Those men who make gifts of houses and fields and populated villages unto persons that solicit them, succeed in ascending to heaven. 
18. Those men who having themselves manufactured juicy drinks of sweet taste and seeds and paddy or rice, make gifts of them unto others succeed in ascending to heaven. 
19. Those men who being born in families high or low beget hundreds of children and live long lives practising compassion and keeping wrath under complete subjection, succeed in ascending to heaven. I have thus expounded to thee, O Bharata, what the rites are in honour of the deities and the Pitris which are performed by people for the sake of the other world, what the ordinances are in respect of making gifts, and what the views are of the Rishis of former times in respect of both the articles of gift and the manner of giving them.'"

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